The Red Rose of Lancaster (a rose gules) is the county flower of Lancashire.
The exact species or cultivar which the red rose relates to is uncertain, but it is thought to be Rosa gallica officinalis.
The rose was first adopted as an heraldic device by the first Earl of Lancaster and became the emblem of Lancashire following the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485.
Lancaster's Red Rose (also known as Apothecary's Rose, Old Red Damask and Rose of Provins) is an official variety and is possibly the first cultivated rose. The rose grew wild throughout Central Asia and was discovered by the ancient Persians and Egyptians. Later adopted by the Romans, who introduced it to Gaul (France) where it assumed the name Rosa gallica. It is documented that Charlemagne's court exploited the rose as a perfume. The rose was also appreciated for its medical value and was utilized in countless medical remedies.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Rose_of_Lancaster
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